Program comparison
Evaluate 33 investment residency and citizenship pathways by eligibility, minimum investment, processing time, visa type, and route to citizenship. Choose a destination by lifestyle first.
EU PassportMalta
Europe
Citizenship
Malta's MEIN program offers EU citizenship through a combination of contribution, property, and bonds.
Min. Investment
€600,000
Processing
12–36 months
EstablishedSt Kitts & Nevis
Caribbean
Citizenship
St Kitts & Nevis operates the world's oldest citizenship by investment programme, granting full citizenship through a government fund contribution or approved real estate purchase.
Min. Investment
USD 250,000
Processing
3–6 months
AffordableAntigua & Barbuda
Caribbean
Citizenship
Antigua & Barbuda's CBI programme offers one of the Caribbean's most affordable routes to full citizenship, with options spanning a national development fund, real estate, or business investment.
Min. Investment
USD 230,000
Processing
3–6 months
US E-2 AccessGrenada
Caribbean
Citizenship
Grenada's CBI programme is the only Caribbean scheme whose passport holders qualify for a US E-2 investor visa, making it a uniquely powerful gateway for US market access.
Min. Investment
USD 235,000
Processing
4–6 months
Fastest CBIVanuatu
Oceania
Citizenship
Vanuatu's Development Support Programme is the world's fastest citizenship by investment route, delivering full citizenship in as little as 30 days with zero personal income tax.
Min. Investment
USD 130,000
Processing
30–60 days
Best ValueDominica
Caribbean
Citizenship
One of the world's longest-running and most cost-efficient CBI programmes. Dominica delivers a credible second passport with a remote process and a tax regime with no personal income, wealth or inheritance tax for non-residents.
Min. Investment
USD 200,000
Processing
2 months
Multi-RouteSt. Lucia
Caribbean
Citizenship
St. Lucia's flexible CBI programme offers three credible investment routes — donation, real estate, or qualifying business projects — with fast remote processing and strong visa-free reach including the EU and UK.
Min. Investment
USD 240,000
Processing
3–6 months
E-2 AccessTürkiye
Europe
Citizenship
Türkiye's real-estate-based citizenship programme offers one of the most predictable approval profiles globally. Its strategic location bridging Europe and Asia, combined with US E-2 treaty access, makes it one of the most versatile CBI programmes available.
Min. Investment
USD 400,000
Processing
4 months
New 2026Nauru
Oceania
Citizenship
Nauru's Economic and Climate Resilience Programme is the newest credible citizenship programme in the global market, offering the lowest investment threshold of any established CBI scheme with visa-free access to key Asian hubs and the UK.
Min. Investment
USD 105,000
Processing
3–4 months
Most PrestigiousAustria
Europe
Citizenship
Austria's citizenship by exceptional economic contribution is among the most prestigious European routes, granting full EU citizenship — including settlement rights across the EU and Switzerland — via an individually evaluated contribution to the Austrian economy.
Min. Investment
Case-by-case
Processing
12–24 months
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